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English: if they get food poisoning," [it (spruce) said, it is said]. |
Mode/Aspect = Transitional (T) + Mode + Perfective (P)
Conjunction | Prefix Positions | Stem | |||||||
Outer Subject Pronoun | Outer Subject Pronoun | Post- position |
Gender | Inceptive | Mode/Aspect T+Mode+P |
Classifier | |||
Morphemes | k'u | qe | ye | ghu | de | te | ghe | ł | t'ał |
Morpheme Changes | q | d | u | ||||||
lowered e deletes when followed by a consonant | e deletes when a consonant + e (Ce) precedes a morpheme boundary | e changes to u, and ghe deletes - a consonant + e (Ce) precedes 'ghe' and the next morpheme to the right is a classifier; t deletes following d? | |||||||
English | also, too | they | non-human subject | for objects use, giving to | mental knowledge | future |
use [my flesh] Mode: future Aspect: neuter (transitional ?) |
Verb Theme | postposition + ghu # d gender + ł classifier + t'a (root) |
---|---|
Meaning | use Postposition |
Theme Class | descriptive |
Type |
Stem Set: Root = t'a, Tag = be thus | ||||
Mode | ||||
Aspect | Imperfect | Perfect | Future | Optative |
Neuter | t'a (t'e) | t'a | t'ał | t'ah |
Neuter - Neg | t'e | t'e | t'e | t'e |
Transitional - Neg | t'aq | t'at | t'agh | t'iq |
Transitional | t'ash | t'at | t'ał |
Prefix Positions | Stem | Evidential | ||||
Outer Subject Pronoun | Gender | Mode/Aspect T+Mode+P |
Classifier | |||
Morphemes | Ø | de | i + Ø | Ø | ni | łu |
Morpheme Changes | e deletes to avoid double vowels; d deletes to avaid dn sound? | i deletes when preceded by a conjunct prefix | ||||
English | he/she/it | perceptions of sound | perfect |
say, tell Mode: perfect Aspect: momentaneous |
it is said, they say |
Verb Theme | d gender + Ø classifier + ni (root) |
---|---|
Meaning | say, tell |
Theme Class | operative |
Type |
Stem Set: Root = ni, Tag = say, deem | ||||
Mode | ||||
Aspect | Imperfect | Perfect | Future | Optative |
Durative | ni/ne' | ni/ni' | nił | ni'/hih |
Momentaneous | nix | ni | nił | ni |
Neuter | ni/nih | ne/nih | ne/nih | ne/nih |
Neuter/Negative | ne' | ne' | ne' | ne' |
Transitional | nit | nit | nił | nih |
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